UNIT 8. ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES
CÁC QUỐC GIA NÓI TIẾNG ANH
A. VOCABULARY
| New words |
Meaning |
Picture |
Example |
Accent
/ˈæksent/
(n) |
Giọng |
 |
She has a Southern accent.
Cô ấy có giọng miền Nam. |
Diverse
/daɪˈvɜːrs/
(adj) |
Đa dạng |
 |
In the United States, you can meet people from diverse cultures.
Ơ Mỹ, bạn có thể gặp nhiều người từ các nền văn hóa đa dạng. |
Endless
/ˈendləs/
(adj) |
Vô tận |
 |
I have an endless list if things to do.
Tôi có một danh sách vô tận các việc phải làm. |
Excursion
(n) |
Cuộc du ngoạn |
 |
I will go on an excursion with my friends next month.
Tôi sẽ đi du ngoạn với bạn tôi tháng tới. |
Exhibition
/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/
(n) |
Triển lãm |
 |
Jane is interested on exhibitions of old photos.
Jane thích triển lãm những bức ảnh cũ. |
Garment
(n) |
Trang phục |
 |
He put on his outer garment and went out.
Anh ta mặc áo khoác và đi ra ngoài. |
International
/ˌɪntərˈnæʃnəl/
(adj) |
Thuộc về quốc tế |
 |
It is an international sport event.
Đó là một sự kiện thể thao tầm quốc tế. |
Loch
/lɒk/
(n) |
Hồ |
 |
There are many species of salmon on this loch.
Có rất nhiều loại cá hồi ở hồ này. |
Monument
/ˈmɑːnjumənt/
(n) |
Đài tưởng niệm |
 |
There is a monument to the national hero in the city square.
Có một đài tưởng niệm anh hùng quốc gia ở quảng trường thành phố. |
Mother tongue
/ˌmʌðər ˈtʌŋ/
(n) |
Tiếng mẹ đẻ |
 |
My mother tongue is Vietnamese.
Tiếng mẹ đẻ của tôi là tiếng Việt. |
Native
/ˈneɪtɪv/
(n) |
Bản xứ |
 |
Jim wants to speak English as a native speaker.
Jane muốn nói tiếng Anh như người bản xứ. |
Spectacular
/spekˈtækjələ(r)/
(adj) |
Hùng vĩ, ngoạn mục |
 |
You can enjoy spectacular scenery from here.
Bạn có thể thưởng thức cảnh đẹp hùng vĩ từ đây. |
Summer camp
/ˈsʌmə kæmp/
(n) |
Trại hè |
 |
Have you ever taken part in a summer camp?
Bạn đã bao giờ tham gia vào trại hè chưa? |
Territory
/ˈterətri/
(n) |
Lãnh thổ |
 |
The territory was controlled by invaders for many years.
Lãnh thổ này được kiểm soát bởi kẻ xâm lược trong nhiều năm. |
B. GRAMMAR
I. CÁC THÌ HIỆN TẠI (PRESENT TENSES)
| Thì |
Cấu trúc |
Dấu hiệu nhận biết |
| Hiện tại đơn |
* Động từ thường
(+) S + V_s/es + O
(-) S + don’t/ doesn’t + V + O
(?) Do/Does + S + V + O?
* Động từ Tobe
(+) S + am/is/are +O
(-) S + am/ is/ are not + O
(?) Am/ Is/ Are + S + O? |
Everyday/week/month/year…, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ always; usually; often; sometimes; seldom; rarely; frequently; … |
| Hiện tại tiếp diễn |
(+) S + am/ is/ are + V_ing + O.
(-)S + am/ is/ are + not V_ing + O
(?) Am/ Is/ Are + S + V_ing + O? |
Now, at the moment, at the present, Look! Listen! At this time, right now, now,… |
| Hiện tại hoàn thành |
(+) S+ have/ has + VpII +O.
(-)S+ have/ has + not VpII +O.
(?) Have/ Has + S + VpII +O? |
Just, yet, never, ever, already, so far, up to now, since, for, recently, lately, until now, up to present, … |
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 1: Khoanh tròn đáp án đúng
1. The Smith (is having/ are having) a barbecue in the backyard right now.
2. The train (just leaves/ has just left) for 10 minutes.
3. The police (haven’t caught/ hasn’t caught) the burglars yet.
4. Jim (is still reading/ has still read) the book he borrowed from the local library last week.
5. (Have you ever tried/ Are you ever trying) Indian cuisine before? No, this is my first time.
6. At present, my father (is having/ has) a car and a motorbike.
7. You should arrive at the airport before &:30 because the plane (takes off/ are taking off) at sharp 8.
8. Who (is/are) James talking to?
9. I (have read/read) five science books so far.
10. Coffee (has always been/ is always) my favorite drink since I was 20.
11. Why (are you always talking/ do you always talk) with your mouth full?
12. What (are you doing/ do you do) now? I am a linguist.
13. Look! It (is pouring/ pours) with rain.
14. Have you finished your homework yet? No, actually I (am working/ work) on it.
15. Mr. Brown (is sleeping/ has slept). I can hear his loud snoring.
Bài 2. Điền các trạng từ cho sẵn vào chỗ trống sao cho thích hợp
Always rarely yet for
Since often never now |
1. James has __never____ tried Japanese food before. This is the first time.
2. My brother is ___always______ waking up late in the morning.
3. They haven’t seen each other _____since________ the last winter.
4. To be honest, I _____rarely______ do morning exercises because I hate getting up early.
5. Have you ever been to a foreign country ______before ____?
6. The Smith have lived in this neighborhood ____for____ 5 years.
7. My mother _______often______ goes shopping with friends when she has free time.
8. ____Now_____ Jim is playing the piano while his sister is singing along.
Bài 3. Chia động từ trong ngoặc sao cho thích hợp.
1. Where’s Mary? She (listen) ____is listening______________ to a new CD in her room.
2. Don’t forget to take your umbrella with you today. You know it (be) ______is_______ the raining season now.
3. Jean always (learn) ____learns______ English at this time every day but today she (not study) __isn’t studying_____ at the moment.
4. What time ______does the meeting happen_______ (the meeting/ happen) tomorrow? I (not know) _______haven’t known ____________ it yet. I (wait) _____am waiting____________ for the announcement.
5. Where ___have you lived____ (you/live) since you moved from your old house?
6. Look! The sun (rise) ___is rising_______ over the ocean. This is the most amazing scene I (ever/ see) _____have ever seen_________.
7. He (speak) ___speaks______ Japanese so well because He (come) __comes_________ from Japan.
8. ___Do you usually go away_____ (you/ usually/ go away) for Christmas or __do you stay_______ (you/stay) at home?
9. Look! Your friend (hold) ____is holding_______ some roses. They (look) _____look_______ lovely.
10. ___Have you finished__________ (you/ finish) your assignment yet? No, I ______haven’t__________.
11. My father usually (walk) ___walks_______ to work but now hw (drive) _____isdriving_____________ his car.
12. I (not think) ___don’t think______ Mary (sleep) ___is sleeping_______ because I can hear some noise from her room.
13. My grandparents (bring) ____has bought________ me up since I was very small.
14. How long ____has Peter worked________ (Peter/ work) in his firm?
15. James (always/ complain) ____is always complaining______. It (be) ____is____ hard to please him.
16. I (just/ realize) __have just realized_____ that there are only four weeks to the end of them.
17. This is the second time I (be) _have been____ to London.
18. Now the children (not want) ___don’t want____ to go to sleep. They (prefer) ____prefer_______ their mother to tell them bedtime stories.
19. __have you ever watched___ (they/ want) a horror movie before? Yes, they (watch) __havewatched________ a plenty of such movies before.
20. Jim (cook) _____cooks_____ so tired now. He (work) ________has worked______________ non-stop since the morning.
Bài 4. Đặt câu hỏi cho phần gạch châ của những câu dưới đây.
1. Mary has moved to her new house for 4 months.
How long has Mary moved to her new house?
2. The airplane takes off at 6pm tomorrow.
When does the airplane take off?
3. James and Jane are helping an old man cross the road.
Who is helping an old man cross the road?
4. The children visit their grandparents every two months.
How often do the children visit their grandparents.
5. This dress costs me $100 to buy.
How much does his dress cost to buy?
6. The couple has sent a letter to their daughter.
What was the couple sent to their daughter?
7. Many people are queuing in front of the shop because a hot item is on sale.
Why are many people queuing in front of the shop?
8. They have watched this movie three times.
How many times have they watched this movie?
9. My mother is always complaining about my untidiness.
What is your mother always complaining about?
10. I often learn a new word by making sentences with it.
How do you often learn a new word?
B. THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN VÀ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN DIỄN TẢ TƯƠNG LAI
(PRESENT SIPLE AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR FUTURE)
| Cách dùng |
Ví dụ |
| Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả tương lai khi nói về lịch làm việc, thời gian biểu, lịch trình tàu xe… (như giao thông công cộng, lịch chiếu phim, lịch phát sóng chương trình truyền hình…) |
- The train leaves Plymouth at 11:30 and arrives in London at 14:45 (Đoàn tàu sẽ rời Plymouth lúc 11h30 và sẽ đến Luân Đôn lúc 14h45.)
- It’s Friday tomorrow. (Ngày mai là thứ 6)
- The final exam is in May. (Bài kiểm tra cuối cùng diễn ra vào tháng 5.) |
| Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn được sử dụng với nghĩa tương lai khi diễn tả một kế hoạch trong tương lai gần (có dự định trước) |
- What are you doing on Saturday evening?(Bạn sẽ làm gì vào tối thứ 7?)
- I’m not working tomorrow, so we can go out somewhere. (Ngày mai tôi sẽ không làm việc vì vậy chúng ta có thể đi chơi đâu đó.) |
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 5. Khoanh tròn vào phương án đúng, thì hiện tại đơn hoặc thì hiện tại tiếp diễn.
1. Tomorrow the sun (rises/is rising) at 6.44 and it (sets/ is setting) at 18.33.
2. I (don’t do anything/ am not doing anything) tonight. I want to relax.
3. What time (do you meet/ are you meeting) John on Sunday?
4. This year the school (ends/ is ending) on 28 June.
5. After the reconstruction the supermarket (opens/ is opening) on Monday again.
6. I can’t help you. I (see/ am seeing) the doctor this afternoon.
7. We’ve already booked our holiday. We (go/ are going) to Rome in May.
8. Could you meet us at the airport tomorrow morning? The plane (lands/ is landing) at 10.15.
9. The piano concert (doesn’t start/ is not starting) at 8 o’clock. It’s cancelled.
10. (Do you have/ Are you having) your birthday party this week or next week? I forgot.
Bài 6. Sửa lại lỗi sai được gạch chân trong mỗi câu sau.
1. Mike and Fred is leaving tomorrow morning.
Mike and Fred are leaving tomorrow morning.
2. Look, the concert is beginning at 6 o’clock.
Look, the concert ____begins______________ at 6 o’clock.
3. Do you do anything tonight?
_______Are you doing____________ anything tonight?
4. Excuse me, what time the ship lands?
Excuse me, what time _______does the ship land_________________ ?
5. I see my doctor this afternoon.
I _____am seeing_________________ my doctor this afternoon.
6. Where do you go on your holiday next summer?
Where __________are you going____________ on your holiday next summer?
7. The train is not leaving at 10.15. it is arriving at 10.15.
. The train ______does not leave___________ at 10.15. It _____arrive_____________ at 10.15.
8. Do you give Jill anything for her birthday this year?
______Are you giving_______________ Jill anything for her birthday this year?
9. This winter term classes are ending on 8 March.
This winter term classes _______end_________________ on 8 March.
Bài 7. Gạch chân dưới các cum từ chỉ thời gian. Sau đó cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Hiện tại đơn hoặc Hiền tại tiếp diễn.
1. I ______am meeting____________ Peter tonight. He ______is taking____________ us to a restaurant. (meet/ take)
2. The ferry ______leaves__________ at 9.00 from Dover and ____lands___________ at 10.45 in Calais. (leave, land)
3. My parents _____are celebrating__________ their wedding anniversary next Sunday. They ___aregoing__________ to Paris (celebrate, go)
4. I _______am not giving_________________ a lecture this afternoon. And I ____amnotteaching_____ tomorrow either. (not give, not teach)
5. Why _doesn’t_____ the exhibition _____open______ tomorrow? When __does___ it ____take_________ place instead? (not open, take)
6. How ___are______ you ______going_ _____to the party tonight? ____Are you catching_________ you _____________ a bus? (get, catch)
Bài 8. Dựa vào từ cho sẵn, sắp xếp lại các từ và viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh ở thì Hiện tại đơn hoặc thì Hiện tại tiếp diễn sao cho phù hợp.
1. to the dentist/ go/ I/ tomorrow.
I am going to the dentist tomorrow.
2. tonight/ with/ have/ our business partner/ we/ dinner.
We are having dinner with our business partner tonight.
3. on/ my holiday/ July/ begin/ 10th
My holiday begins on 10th July
4. depart/ the train/ at 11.30/ platform 5/ from/.
The train departs from platform at 11.30.
5. to Africa/ you/ When exactly/ fly/.
When exactly are you flying to Africa.
6. end/ when/ the art exhibition/.
When does the art exhibition end?
7. go/ to the garden/ Miss Pitt/ on Sunday/.
Is Miss Pit going to the garden party on Sunday?
8. at 9.45/as usual/ the plane/ take off/.
Does the plane take off at 9.45 as usual?
BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
Bài 9. Chia động từ trong ngoặc sao cho thích hợp
Jim: Hello there, Daisy! Long time no see! It (1. Be) _______is______________ great to see you again.
Daisy: Oh, Jim! Hello! What a coincidence! (2. Not see) _____haven’t seen____________ you for ages! It is great to see you. What (3. You do) ____are you doing_________ in London now or (4. You/ just visit) _____have you visited_____________ ?
Jim: Well, an engineering company (5.just offer) _____has just offered_________ me a job, so I decided to rent a small apartment near my company. Now I (6.look) ________am looking ___________ for one with high standard but reasonable price.
Daisy: Oh, I think it (7.be) _______is_________________ very difficult to find that perfect apartment. You should lower your standard if you (8.want) _____want_________ to find a cheap place to live.
Jim: Yeah, you (9.be) ____are_______ right. Hey, Daisy, let’s talk about you recently. (10.You still/work) ___are you still working________ at the restaurant near your house?
Daisy: No, Jim. I quitted it three months ago. I couldn’t get on well with my manager. He (11.always shout) __is always shouting_________ even when my co-workers and I (12.make) __make____________ just a small mistakes. Now I am employed by a restaurant in the city center.
Jim: (13. It/be) _________is it____________ very far from your house?
Daisy: It is. Every day I (14.have) _____have___________ to take the earliest train to commute to work. It (15.set) ______sets__________ off at 5am and it (16.often take) _______oftentakes___________ me half an hour to travel to work.
Jim: You must wake up early in the morning.
Daisy: It was hard for me in the first few weeks but things (17.get) _______are getting__________ better and better now. I (18.be) _____am__________ quite satisfied with my job now.
Bài 10. Dựa vào các từ cho sẵn, viết câu hoàn chỉnh.
1. They/not/want/ to/ buy/ new/ car/ now/ because/ they/not/ have/ enough/ money/ yet/.
They don’t want to buy a new car because they haven’t had enough money.
2. You/ever/ speak/ to/ foreigner/ before ?
Have you ever spoken to a foreigner before?
3. I/ not/ know/ when/ the/ train/ leave/.
I don’t know when the train leaves.
4. Rose/ often/ walk/ school/ but/ today/ she/ ride/ new/ bike/ at/ present/.
Rose often walks to school but today she is riding a new bike at the present.
5. How much/ time/ you/ often/ spend/ on/ self-studying?
How much time do you often spend on self-studying?
6. Who/ Jane/ talk/ to/ over/ there?
Who is Jane talking to over there?
7. I/ not/ find/ my car key/ yet/. I/ call/ my husband/ to/ ask/ him/ about/ it/.
I haven’t found my car key yet. I am calling my husband to ask him about it.
8. No one/ heard/ news/ about/ accident/ this morning/.
No one has heard the news about the accident this morning.
9. Everyone/ sleep/ now/ but/ I/ be/ awake.
Everyone is sleeping now but I am awake.
10. How long/ it/ usually/ take/ you/ to/ finish/ your breakfast?
How long does it usually take you to finish your breakfast?
Bài 11. Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại với những động từ cho sắn dưới đây ở thì Hiện tại đơn hoặc thì Hiện tại tiếp diễn sao cho phù hợp.
| Take (x2) start (x2) leave go do depart get come |
The big day
A: Have you heard of Brad and Mimi?
B: Brad and Mimi? What’s happened?
A: They (1) ___are getting___________ married on Saturday?
B: You’re joking. I didn’t know that Mimi fancied Brad. When (2) _______does the wedding __________ the wedding ____ take ______ place?
A: It (3) ____takes_______ place on Saturday. Didn’t you listen to me?
B: Of course I did. But what time (4) __does__ it ___start_______?
A: The wedding ceremony (5) ____starts_______ at 11 o’clock in the All Saints church.
B: (6) ___Are____ you _____coming_______?
A: Yes, I am. They’ve invited me.
B: Do you think I could join you?
A: Why not? I’m sure the church is going to be full. But I (7) _____am leaving_________ early in the morning because my dad (8) _______is going____________ to work by car on Saturday and he can take me to the All Saints.
B: If your dad doesn’t mind.
A: No problem. The more, the merrier, he always says. By the ways, (9) __are____ you __doing_______ anything tomorrow morning? We could buy some present for them.
B: Good idea. We can get the bus to the Macy’s shopping Gallery. It (10) ______departs ______________ at 9.35.
A: All right. See you at the bus stop. Bye.
A: Bye-bye.
Bài 12. Cho dạng đúng của độngt từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại đơn hoặc thì Hiện tại tiếp diễn để diễn tả tương lại.
1. The train _____arrives_______ at 9 at night. (arrive)
2. Giovanni ___is coming________ to spend the weekend with us. (come)
3. What time ___are____ you ___going____ to the doctor’s on Wednesday? (go)
4. What time _______does___________ the film ________start_________ ? (start)
5. ______does______ the concert ______begin_________ at 7 or 8? (begin)
6. We ____are having___________ a dinner party on Friday and you’re invited. (have)
7. Most shops in Spain ___doesn’t open_______ until 10 am. (not open)
8. What time _____does_________ the corner shop ______shut__________? (shut)
9. Where _______are_________ you ________staying____________ in Bangkok? (stay)
10. My tai chi classes ________start__________ next week? (start)
11. Out flight ____lands________ in London at4 o’clock in the afternoon. (land)
12. Everything’s arranged. We _____are moving_________ house this Saturday. (move)
13. We ____are meeting_________ at Litith’s Café this afternoon at four. (meet)
14. I’m sorry. I can’t meet up this weekend. We ____are going_____ to Wales. (go)
15. Our ferry _____departs______ for lbiza at 6 tomorrow morning. (depart).
Bài 13. Gạch chân lỗi sai trong đoạn văn sau đây và sửa lại cho đúng.
Mary and I am best friends and we have learned English with each other since half a year. Both of us is highly interested in learning this language due to a number of factors. First of all, learning English enable us to understand masterpieces from English speaking countries such as books, movies and music. Although Mary is always complain that some English grammar structures are too difficult to remember, she is always making great effort to learn the language. She often goes to the library to borrow English written books. By now, Mary is reading up to 5 books in English. I am preferring watching movies to reading books. Sometimes, we are talking with each other in English and share about the books or movies we have just enjoy.
1. _______am_________ -> ______are_____
2. ______since_________ -> _____for_____
3. ________is_________ -> ______re______
4. _______enable______ -> ___enables_____
5. _______is always complain__________
-> _____is always complaining________
6. ____is always making_____________
-> _____always makes________
7. _____is reading____________
-> _____has read________
8. _____am preferring____________
-> _____prefer________
9. _______are talking__________
-> _____talk________
10. ______enjoy___________
-> _____enjoyed________
Bài 14. Khoanh tròn vào đáp án đúng
Why is it necessary to learn English?
English is the most commonly used language among foreign language (1) ___________. Nowadays, when people from different nationalities (2) ______________ to communicate, they commonly use English language. If you can speak English fluently, you have more chances of making friends with foreigners. It helps you connect with and (3) _________ from people of different cultures. In (4) __________ of career aspects, knowing English (5) _____________ up job opportunities. Being able to communicate with foreign clients and business partners (6) _______________ you a more challenging position in your career. (7) _________ English is the language of the Film industry and learning it (8) _______________ you will no longer have to rely on subtitles or dubbed versions. You will also be able to read books written by English-speaking authors in their original version. Last but not least, music is much better if you can understand the meaning. We are sure that you will be satisfied to enjoy English-language music morel.
1. A. speakers B. tellers C. talkers D. chatters
2. A. wants B. want C. is wanting D. are wanting
3. A. learn B. learns C. is learning D. are learning
4. A. ways B. means C. terms D. references
5. A. opens B. is opening C. has opened D. opened
6. A. provide B. provides C. is providing D. had provided
7. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Instead
8. A. means B. meaning C. mean D. meant
Bài 15. Đọc đoạn văn và điền T (true) hoặc F (false)
English as a global language
English is the third largest language by number of native speakers, after Mandarin and Spanish.
Is has often been referred to as a “world language, the lingua franca of the modern era. English is not an official language in most countries and it is often taught as a foreign language. It is, by international treaty, the official language for aeronautical and maritime communications. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations and many other international organizations, including the International Olympic Committee.
Books, magazines and newspaper written in English are available in many countries around the world, and English is the most commonly uses language in the science. Science Citation Index reported as early as 1997that 95% of its articles were written in English, even though only half of them came from authors in English-speaking countries. In publishing, English literature predominates considerably with 28 percent of all books published in the world and 30 percent of web content in 2011(from 50 percent in 200). English is also the global language of many businesses, even outside of the UK, Canada and the USA. If you have an international meeting in France, for example, odds are that you will be asked to speak English, Daimler-Chrysler, Nokia, Renault, Samsung, Technicolor, and Microsoft in Beijing have all said that English is their common corporate language, to name just a few of the largest international companies, but many smaller companies have the same policy.
___T__ 1. English is amongst the largest language of the number of native speakers.
___F___ 2. English is often taught as a second language in most countries.
___F___ 3. English is the only official language of the United Nations and many other international organizations.
__T_____ 4. Most of the science works were written in English.
____F___ 5. It was reported that as early as 1997, 95% of Science Citation Index’s articles came from authors in English-speaking countries.
___F____ 6. English is not used in business outside of the UK, Canada and the USA.
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