Unit 8 - Chuyên sâu Tiếng Anh lớp 8 (HS)

Thứ bảy - 31/07/2021 17:06

UNIT 8. ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES
CÁC QUỐC GIA NÓI TIẾNG ANH
A. VOCABULARY

New words	Meaning	Picture	Example
Accent /ˈæksent/ (n)	Giọng		She has a Southern accent. Cô ấy có giọng miền Nam.
Diverse /daɪˈvɜːrs/ (adj)	Đa dạng		In the United States, you can meet people from diverse cultures. Ơ Mỹ, bạn có thể gặp nhiều người từ các nền văn hóa đa dạng.
Endless /ˈendləs/ (adj)	Vô tận		I have an endless list if things to do. Tôi có một danh sách vô tận các việc phải làm.
Excursion (n)	Cuộc du ngoạn		I will go on an excursion with my friends next month. Tôi sẽ đi du ngoạn với bạn tôi tháng tới.
Exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/ (n)	Triển lãm		Jane is interested on exhibitions of old photos. Jane thích triển lãm những bức ảnh cũ.
Garment (n)	Trang phục		He put on his outer garment and went out. Anh ta mặc áo khoác và đi ra ngoài.
International /ˌɪntərˈnæʃnəl/ (adj)	Thuộc về quốc tế		It is an international sport event. Đó là một sự kiện thể thao tầm quốc tế.
Loch /lɒk/ (n)	Hồ		There are many species of salmon on this loch. Có rất nhiều loại cá hồi ở hồ này.
Monument /ˈmɑːnjumənt/ (n)	Đài tưởng niệm		There is a monument to the national hero in the city square. Có một đài tưởng niệm anh hùng quốc gia ở quảng trường thành phố.
Mother tongue /ˌmʌðər ˈtʌŋ/ (n)	Tiếng mẹ đẻ		My mother tongue is Vietnamese. Tiếng mẹ đẻ của tôi là tiếng Việt.
Native /ˈneɪtɪv/ (n)	Bản xứ		Jim wants to speak English as a native speaker. Jane muốn nói tiếng Anh như người bản xứ.
Spectacular /spekˈtækjələ(r)/ (adj)	Hùng vĩ, ngoạn mục		You can enjoy spectacular scenery from here. Bạn có thể thưởng thức cảnh đẹp hùng vĩ từ đây.
Summer camp /ˈsʌmə kæmp/ (n)	Trại hè		Have you ever taken part in a summer camp? Bạn đã bao giờ tham gia vào trại hè chưa?
Territory /ˈterətri/ (n)	Lãnh thổ		The territory was controlled by invaders for many years. Lãnh thổ này được kiểm soát bởi kẻ xâm lược trong nhiều năm.

B. GRAMMAR
I. CÁC THÌ HIỆN TẠI (PRESENT TENSES)

Thì	Cấu trúc	Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Hiện tại đơn	* Động từ thường (+) S + V_s/es + O (-) S + don’t/ doesn’t + V + O (?) Do/Does + S + V + O? * Động từ Tobe (+) S + am/is/are +O (-) S + am/ is/ are not + O (?) Am/ Is/ Are + S + O?	Everyday/week/month/year…, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ always; usually; often; sometimes; seldom; rarely; frequently; …
Hiện tại tiếp diễn	(+) S + am/ is/ are + V_ing + O. (-)S + am/ is/ are + not V_ing + O (?) Am/ Is/ Are + S + V_ing + O?	Now, at the moment, at the present, Look! Listen! At this time, right now, now,…
Hiện tại hoàn thành	(+) S+ have/ has + Vp_II +O. (-)S+ have/ has + not Vp_II +O. (?) Have/ Has + S + Vp_II +O?	Just, yet, never, ever, already, so far, up to now, since, for, recently, lately, until now, up to present, …

BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 1: Khoanh tròn đáp án đúng
1. The Smith (is having/ are having) a barbecue in the backyard right now.
2. The train (just leaves/ has just left) for 10 minutes.
3. The police (haven’t caught/ hasn’t caught) the burglars yet.
4. Jim (is still reading/ has still read) the book he borrowed from the local library last week.
5. (Have you ever tried/ Are you ever trying) Indian cuisine before? No, this is my first time.
6. At present, my father (is having/ has) a car and a motorbike.
7. You should arrive at the airport before &:30 because the plane (takes off/ are taking off) at sharp 8.
8. Who (is/are) James talking to?
9. I (have read/read) five science books so far.
10. Coffee (has always been/ is always) my favorite drink since I was 20.
11. Why (are you always talking/ do you always talk) with your mouth full?
12. What (are you doing/ do you do) now? I am a linguist.
13. Look! It (is pouring/ pours) with rain.
14. Have you finished your homework yet? No, actually I (am working/ work) on it.
15. Mr. Brown (is sleeping/ has slept). I can hear his loud snoring.
Bài 2. Điền các trạng từ cho sẵn vào chỗ trống sao cho thích hợp

Always rarely yet for
Since often never now

1. James has ______ tried Japanese food before. This is the first time.
2. My brother is _________ waking up late in the morning.
3. They haven’t seen each other _____________ the last winter.
4. To be honest, I ___________ do morning exercises because I hate getting up early.
5. Have you ever been to a foreign country __________?
6. The Smith have lived in this neighborhood ________ 5 years.
7. My mother _____________ goes shopping with friends when she has free time.
8. _________ Jim is playing the piano while his sister is singing along.
Bài 3. Chia động từ trong ngoặc sao cho thích hợp.
1. Where’s Mary? She (listen) __________________ to a new CD in her room.
2. Don’t forget to take your umbrella with you today. You know it (be) _____________ the raining season now.
3. Jean always (learn) __________ English at this time every day but today she (not study) _______ at the moment.
4. What time _____________ (the meeting/ happen) tomorrow? I (not know) ___________________ it yet. I (wait) _________________ for the announcement.
5. Where _______ (you/live) since you moved from your old house?
6. Look! The sun (rise) __________ over the ocean. This is the most amazing scene I (ever/ see) ______________.
7. He (speak) _________ Japanese so well because He (come) ___________ from Japan.
8. ________ (you/ usually/ go) for Christmas or _________ (you/stay) at home?
9. Look! Your friend (hold) ___________ some roses. They (look) ____________ lovely.
10. _____________ (you/ finish) your assignment yet? No, I ________________.
11. My father usually (walk) __________ to work but now hw (drive) __________________ his car.
12. I (not think) _________ Mary (sleep) __________ because I can hear some noise from her room.
13. My grandparents (bring) ____________ me up since I was very small.
14. How long ____________ (Peter/ work) in his firm?
15. James (always/ complain) __________. It (be) ________ hard to please him.
16. I (just/ realize) _______ that there are only four weeks to the end of them.
17. This is the second time I (be) _____ to London.
18. Now the children (not want) _______ to go to sleep. They (prefer) ___________ their mother to tell them bedtime stories.
19. _____ (they. Want) a horror movie before? Yes, they (watch) __________ a plenty of such movies before.
20. Jim (cook) __________ so tired now. He (work) ______________________ non-stop since the morning.
Bài 4. Đặt câu hỏi cho phần gạch châ của những câu dưới đây.
1. Mary has moved to her new house for 4 months.
________________________________________________________________________________
2. The airplane takes off at 6pm tomorrow.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. James and Jane are helping an old man cross the road.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. The children visit their grandparents every two months.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. This dress costs me $100 to buy.
________________________________________________________________________________
6. The couple has sent a letter to their daughter.
________________________________________________________________________________
7. Many people are queuing in front of the shop because a hot item is on sale.
________________________________________________________________________________
8. They have watched this movie three times.
________________________________________________________________________________
9. My mother is always complaining about my untidiness.
________________________________________________________________________________
10. I often learn a new word by making sentences with it.
________________________________________________________________________________
B. THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN VÀ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN DIỄN TẢ TƯƠNG LAI
(PRESENT SIPLE AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR FUTURE)

Cách dùng	Ví dụ
Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả tương lai khi nói về lịch làm việc, thời gian biểu, lịch trình tàu xe… (như giao thông công cộng, lịch chiếu phim, lịch phát sóng chương trình truyền hình…)	- The train leaves Plymouth at 11:30 and arrives in London at 14:45 (Đoàn tàu sẽ rời Plymouth lúc 11h30 và sẽ đến Luân Đôn lúc 14h45.) - It’s Friday tomorrow. (Ngày mai là thứ 6) - The final exam is in May. (Bài kiểm tra cuối cùng diễn ra vào tháng 5.)
Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn được sử dụng với nghĩa tương lai khi diễn tả một kế hoạch trong tương lai gần (có dự định trước)	- What are you doing on Saturday evening?(Bạn sẽ làm gì vào tối thứ 7?) - I’m not working tomorrow, so we can go out somewhere.(Ngày mai tôi sẽ không làm việc vì vậy chúng ta có thể đi chơi đâu đó.)

BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 5. Khoanh tròn vào phương án đúng, thì hiện tại đơn hoặc thì hiện tại tiếp diễn.
1. Tomorrow the sun (rises/is rising) at 6.44 and it (sets/ is setting) at 18.33.
2. I (don’t do anything/ am not doing anything) tonight. I want to relax.
3. What time (do you meet/ are you meeting) John on Sunday?
4. This year the school (ends/ is ending) on 28 June.
5. After the reconstruction the supermarket (opens/ is opening) on Monday again.
6. I can’t help you. I (see/ am seeing) the doctor this afternoon.
7. We’ve already booked our holiday. We (go/ are going) to Rome in May.
8. Could you meet us at the airport tomorrow morning? The plane (lands/ is landing) at 10.15.
9. The piano concert (doesn’t start/ is not starting) at 8 o’clock. It’s cancelled.
10. (Do you have/ Are you having) your birthday party this week or next week? I forgot.
Bài 6. Sửa lại lỗi sai được gạch chân trong mỗi câu sau.
1. Mike and Fred is leaving tomorrow morning.
    Mike and Fred ________________ tomorrow morning.
2. Look, the concert is beginning at 6 o’clock.
   Look, the concert __________________ at 6 o’clock.
3. Do you do anything tonight?
    ___________________ anything tonight?
4. Excuse me, what time the ship lands?
    Excuse me, what time ________________________ ?
5. I see my doctor this afternoon.
    I ______________________ my doctor this afternoon.
6. Where do you go on your holiday next summer?
    Where ______________________ on your holiday next summer?
7. The train is not leaving at 10.15. it is arriving at 10.15.
.   The train _________________ at 10.15. It __________________ at 10.15.
8. Do you give Jill anything for her birthday this year?
   _____________________ Jill anything for her birthday this year?
9. This winter term classes are ending on 8 March.
   This winter term classes ________________________ on 8 March.
Bài 7. Gạch chân dưới các cum từ chỉ thời gian. Sau đó cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Hiện tại đơn hoặc Hiền tại tiếp diễn.
1. I __________________ Peter tonight. He __________________ us to a restaurant. (meet/ take)
2. The ferry ________________ at 9.00 from Dover and _______________ at 10.45 in Calais. (leave, land)
3. My parents _______________ their wedding anniversary next Sunday. They _____________ to Paris (celebrate, go)
4. I ________________________ a lecture this afternoon. And I _________ tomorrow either. (not give, not teach)
5. Why ______ the exhibition ___________ tomorrow? When _____ it _____________ place instead? (not open, take)
6. How _________ you ____________to the party tonight? _____________ you _____________ a bus? (get, catch)
Bài 8. Dựa vào từ cho sẵn, sắp xếp lại các từ và viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh ở thì Hiện tại đơn hoặc thì Hiện tại tiếp diễn sao cho phù hợp.
1. to the dentist/ go/ I/ tomorrow.
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. tonight/ with/ have/ our business partner/ we/ dinner.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. on/ my holiday/ July/ begin/ 10^th
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. depart/ the train/ at 11.30/ platform 5/ from/.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. to Africa/ you. When exactly/ fly/.
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. end/ when/ the art exhibition/.
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. go/ to the garden/ Miss Pitt/ on Sunday/.
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. at 9.45/as usual/ the plane/ take off/.
__________________________________________________________________________________
BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
Bài 9. Chia động từ trong ngoặc sao cho thích hợp
Jim: Hello there, Daisy! Long time no see! It (1. Be) _____________________ great to see you again.
Daisy: Oh, Jim! Hello! What a coincidence! (2. Not see) _________________ you for ages! It is great to see you. What (3. You do) _____________ in London now or (4. You/ just visit) __________________ ?
Jim: Well, an engineering company (5.just offer) ______________ me a job, so I decided to rent a small apartment near my company. Now I (6.look) ___________________ for one with high standard but reasonable price.
Daisy: Oh, I think it (7.be) ________________________ very difficult to find that perfect apartment. You should lower your standard if you (8.want) ______________ to find a cheap place to live.
Jim: Yeah, you (9.be) ___________ right. Hey, Daisy, let’s talk about you recently. (10.You still/work) ___________ at the restaurant near your house?
Daisy: No, Jim. I quitted it three months ago. I couldn’t get on well with my manager. He (11.always shout) ___________ even when my co-workers and I (12.make) ______________ just a small mistakes. Now I am employed by a restaurant in the city center.
Jim: (13. It/be) _____________________ very far from your house?
Daisy: It is. Every day I (14.have) ________________ to take the earliest train to commute to work. It (15.set) ________________ off at 5am and it (16.often take) __________________ me halfan hour to travel to work.
Jim: You must wake up early in the morning.
Daisy: It was hard for me in the first few weeks but things (17.get) _________________ better and better now. I (18.be) _______________ quite satisfied with my job now.
Bài 10. Dựa vào các từ cho sẵn, viết câu hoàn chỉnh.
1. They/not/want/ to/ buy/ new/ car/ now/ because/ they/not/ have/ enough/ money/ yet/.
________________________________________________________________________________
2. You/ever/ speak/ to/ foreigner/ before?
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. I/ not/ know/ when/ the/ train/ leave/.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Rose/ often/ walk/ school/ but/ today/ she/ ride/ new/ bike/ at/ present/.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. How much/ time/ you/ often/ spend/ on/ self-studying?
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Who/ Jane/ talk/ to over/ there?
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. I/ not/ find/ my car key/ yet/. I/ call/ my husband/ to/ ask/ him/ about/ it/.
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. No one/ heard/ news/ about/ accident/ this morning/.
__________________________________________________________________________________
9. Everyone/ sleep/ now/ but/ I/ be/ awake.
__________________________________________________________________________________
10. How long/ it/ usually/ take/ you/ to/ finish/ your breakfast?
__________________________________________________________________________________
Bài 11. Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại với những động từ cho sẵn dưới đây ở thì Hiện tại đơn hoặc thì Hiện tại tiếp diễn sao cho phù hợp.

Take (x2) start (x2) leave go do depart get come

The big day
A: Have you heard of Brad and Mimi?
B: Brad and Mimi? What’s happened?
A: They (1) ______________ married on Saturday?
B: You’re joking. I didn’t know that Mimi fancied Brad. When (2) _________________ the wedding __________ place?
A: It (3) ___________ place on Saturday. Didn’t you listen to me?
B: Of course I did. But what time (4) ____ it __________?
A: The wedding ceremony (5) ___________ at 11 o’clock in the All Saints church.
B: (6) _______ you ____________?
A: Yes, I am. They’ve invited me.
B: Do you think I could join you?
A: Why not? I’m sure the church is going to be full. But I (7) ______________ early in the morning because my dad (8) ___________________ to work by car on Saturday and he can take me to the All Saints.
B: If your dad doesn’t mind _________________
A: No problem. The more, the merrier, he always says. By the ways, (9) ______ you _________- anything tomorrow morning? We could buy some present for them.
B: Good idea. We can get the bus to the Macy’s shopping Gallery. It (10) ____________________ at 9.35.
A: All right. See you at the bus stop. Bye.
A: Bye-bye.
Bài 12.Cho dạng đúng của độngt từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại đơn hoặc thì Hiện tại tiếp diễn để diễn tả tương lại.
1. The train ____________ at 9 at night. (arrive)
2. Giovanni ___________ to spend the weekend with us. (come)
3. What time _______ you _______ to the doctor’s on Wednesday? (go)
4. What time __________________ the film _________________ ? (start)
5. ____________ the concert _______________ at 7 or 8? (begin)
6. We _______________ a dinner party on Friday and you’re invited. (have)
7. Most shops in Spain __________ until 10 am. (not open)
8. What time ______________ the corner shop ________________? (shut)
9. Where ________________ you ____________________ in Bangkok? (stay)
10. My tai chi classes __________________ next week? (start)
11. Out flight ____________ in London at4 o’clock in the afternoon. (land)
12. Everything’s arranged. We ______________ house this Saturday. (move)
13. We _____________ at Litith’s Café this afternoon at four. (meet)
14. I’m sorry. I can’t meet up this weekend. We _________ to Wales. (go)
15. Our ferry ___________ for lbiza at 6 tomorrow morning. (depart).
Bài 13. Gạch chân lỗi sai trong đoạn văn sau đây và sửa lại cho đúng.
Mary and I am best friends and we have learned English with each other since half a year. Both of us is highly interested in learning this language due to a number of factors. First of all, learning English enable us to understand masterpieces from English speaking countries such as books, movies and music. Although Mary is always complain that some English grammar structures are too difficult to remember, she is always making great effort to learn the language. She often goes to the library to borrow English written books. By now, Mary is reading up to 5 books in English. I am preferring watching movies to reading books. Sometimes, we are talking with each other in English and share about the books or movies we have just enjoy.

1. _________________      -> _____________
2. _________________      -> _____________
3. _________________      -> _____________
4. _________________      -> _____________
5. _________________      -> _____________
6. _________________      -> _____________
7. _________________      -> _____________
8. _________________      -> _____________
9. _________________      -> _____________
10. _________________ -> _____________

Bài 14. Khoanh tròn vào đáp án đúng
Why is it necessary to learn English?
English is the most commonly used language among foreign language (1) ___________. Nowadays, when people from different nationalities (2) ______________ to communicate, they commonly use English language. If you can speak English fluently, you have more chances of making friends with foreigners. It helps you connect with and (3) _________ from people of different cultures. In (4) __________ of career aspects, knowing English (5) _____________ up job opportunities. Being able to communicate with foreign clients and business partners (6) _______________ you a more challenging position in your career. (7) _________ English is the language of the Film industry and learning it (8) _______________ you will no longer have to rely on subtitles or dubbed versions. You will also be able to read books written by English-speaking authors in their original version. Last but not least, music is much better if you can understand the meaning. We are sure that you will be satisfied to enjoy English-language music morel.
1. A. speakers                       B. tellers                                C. talkers                               D. chatters
2. A. wants                             B. want                                   C. is wanting                         D. are wanting
3. A. learn                              B. learns                                 C. is learning                         D. are learning
4. A. ways                              B. means                                C. terms                                  D. references
5. A. opens                            B. is opening                         C. has opened                       D. opened
6. A. provide                         B. provides                            C. is providing                      D. had provided
7. A. Moreover                     B. Therefore                          C. However                           D. Instead
8. A. means                            B. meaning                            C. mean                                  D. meant
Bài 15. Đọc đoạn văn và điền T (true) hoặc F (false)
English as a global language
English is the third largest language by number of native speakers, after Mandarin and Spanish.
Is has often been referred to as a “world language, the lingua franca of the modern era. English is not an official language in most countries and it is often taught as a foreign language. It is, by international treaty, the official language for aeronautical and maritime communications. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations and many other international organizations, including the International Olympic Committee.
Books, magazines and newspaper written in English are available in many countries around the world, and English is the most commonly uses language in the science. Science Citation Index reported as early as 1997that 95% of its articles were written in English, even though only half of them came from authors in English-speaking countries. In publishing, English literature predominates considerably with 28 percent of all books published in the world and 30 percent of web content in 2011(from 50 percent in 200). English is also the global language of many businesses, even outside of the UK, Canada and the USA. If you have an international meeting in France, for example, odds are that you will be asked to speak English, Daimler-Chrysler, Nokia, Renault, Samsung, Technicolor, and Microsoft in Beijing have all said that English is their common corporate language, to name just a few of the largest international companies, but many smaller companies have the same policy.
_____ 1. English is amongst the largest language of the number of native speakers.
______ 2. English is often taught as a second language in most countries.
______ 3. English is the only official language of the United Nations and many other international organizations.
_______ 4. Most of the science works were written in English.
_______ 5. It was reported that as early as 1997, 95% of Science Citation Index’s articles came from authors in English-speaking countries.
_______ 6. English is not used in business outside of the UK, Canada and the USA.

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